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Invia un commento Identità frammentate: meta-etnografia delle esperienze delle donne musulmane nel sistema penitenziario
Abstract
Il presente saggio esamina le complesse dinamiche identitarie, e culturali, che caratterizzano l’esperienza detentiva delle donne musulmane attraverso una lente interdisciplinare che integra prospettive psicologico-sociali e antropologiche. Attraverso un’analisi critica della letteratura internazionale e una metodologia qualitativa di tipo etnografico-interpretativo, viene evidenziata la particolare vulnerabilità di questa particolare popolazione detentiva, risultante dall’intersezione di multiple marginalizzazioni: genere, religione, etnia e status migratorio. Il sistema penitenziario contemporaneo, costruito attorno a paradigmi occidentali e prevalentemente maschili, si rivela spesso inadeguato nel rispondere alle specifiche esigenze culturali e spirituali delle detenute musulmane, generando processi di frammentazione identitaria e disadattamento istituzionale. L’analisi antropologica rivela come le pratiche religiose islamiche, nel contesto carcerario, assumano funzioni adattive cruciali, fungendo da ancore identitarie e strategie di resilienza culturale. Tuttavia, le limitazioni strutturali e l’inadeguata formazione interculturale degli operatori penitenziari ostacolano l’esercizio di tali pratiche, compromettendo i percorsi di riabilitazione. Il saggio propone un approccio metodologico innovativo che combina l’analisi del discorso istituzionale con l’osservazione partecipante delle dinamiche culturali, offrendo spunti per politiche penitenziarie più inclusive e culturalmente competenti.
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